Capacidad endofítica de cepas de Trichoderma sp. durante el establecimiento de vitroplantas de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) en Cañete
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2023-09-19
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Universidad Nacional de Cañete
Abstracto
Esta investigación fue conducida en el laboratorio de Sanidad Vegetal y vivero de la
Universidad Nacional de Cañete, se determinó la colonización endofítica de 10 cepas de
Trichoderma sp. durante el establecimiento y crecimiento de vitroplantas de arándano (V.
corymbosum L.) mediante dos métodos de inoculación (Método 1: Inmersión de raíces con suspensión de esporas y Método 2: Infestación al sustrato por suspensión de esporas). El experimento se realizó bajo un diseño completo al azar (DCA) con arreglo factorial 11 x 2 (AxB) con 4 repeticiones por tratamiento, un total de 22 tratamientos. Los factores en estudio fueron: cepas de Trichoderma (Factor A) y los métodos de inoculación (Factor B). Para la colonización endofítica se empleó explantes (5 cm de altura) que fueron enraizados en sustrato esterilizado a base de turba, se inocularon las cepas al momento del trasplante y se mantuvo bajo condiciones controladas en túneles durante 90 días. El reaislamiento de las cepas se realizaron de secciones de tejido de las plantas en medio de cultivo de corn meal agar y se evaluó el porcentaje de colonización de las cepas. Otro grupo de vitroplantas enraizadas fueron trasplantadas e inoculadas con las cepas en bolsas de vivero conteniendo sustrato a base de cascarilla de arroz y turba, se mantuvo durante 3 meses en el vivero para evaluar altura de planta (AP), número de hojas (NH), diámetro de tallo (DT), número de brotes (NB), peso fresco (PFBA) y seco de la biomasa aérea (PSBA), y peso fresco (PFBR) y seco de la biomasa radicular (PSBR). Los datos fueron analizados con el software estadístico minitab versión 2.0. Los métodos de inoculación de cepas de Trichoderma no tuvieron efecto en la colonización endofítica en las vitroplantulas de arándano. Sin embargo, todas las cepas de Trichoderma colonizaron los tejidos, siendo la cepa HE-4 con mayor colonización (21.53 %) mientras que la cepa HE-94 (5.54%) presento la menor colonización en las vitroplantas. A nivel de vivero, las vitroplantas inoculadas con el método 2 tienen mayor efecto que el método 1 en la AP, NH, DT y PFBA a diferencia de las demás variables no tienen efecto los métodos de inoculación. Asimismo, la aplicación de cepas de Trichoderma no influyen en la PSBR y NB que en las demás variables. Las cepas HE-4, y HE-94 presentaron los valores más altos en AP (18.87 y 18.24 cm) y PFBA PFBR, las cepas HE-93 y HE-94 en NH (29.79
y 29. 29 unidades) y DT (2.1 y 2.08 mm); sin embargo, la cepa HE-3 fue la que tuvo menor efecto en todas las variables evaluadas. Los resultados sugieren que las cepas HE-93 y HE-94 son las que tuvieron mayor efecto en todas las variables.
This research was conducted in the Plant Health Laboratory and Nursery of the National University of Cañete, the endophytic colonization of 10 strains of Trichoderma sp. during the establishment and growth of blueberry vitroplants (V. corymbosum L.) by two inoculation methods (Method 1: Immersion of roots with spore suspension and Method 2: Infestation of the substrate by spore suspension). The experiment was carried out under a complete randomized design (RCD) with an 11 x 2 factorial arrangement (AxB) with 4 repetitions per treatment, a total of 22 treatments. The factors under study were: Trichoderma strains (Factor A) and inoculation methods (Factor B). For endophytic colonization, explants (5 cm high) were used that were rooted in sterilized peat-based substrate, the strains were inoculated at the time of transplantation and maintained under controlled conditions in tunnels for 90 days. The reisolation of the strains was carried out from sections of plant tissue in corn meal agar culture medium and the percentage of colonization of the strains was evaluated. Another group of rooted vitroplants were transplanted and inoculated with the strains in nursery bags containing substrate based on rice hulls and peat, kept for 3 months in the nursery to evaluate plant height (AP), number of leaves (NH). , stem diameter (DT), number of shoots (NB), fresh weight (PFBA) and dry weight of the aerial biomass (PSBA), and fresh weight (PFBR) and dry weight of the root biomass (PSBR). The data were analyzed with the statistical software minitab version 2.0. The inoculation methods of Trichoderma strains had no effect on endophytic colonization in blueberry vitro seedlings. However, all Trichoderma strains colonized the tissues, with the HE-4 strain having the highest colonization (21.53%) while the HE-94 strain (5.54%) presented the least colonization in the vitroplants. At the nursery level, the vitroplants inoculated with method 2 have a greater effect than method 1 on AP, NH, DT and PFBA, unlike the other variables, the inoculation methods have no effect. Likewise, the application of Trichoderma strains does not influence the PSBR and NB than the other variables. Strains HE-4 and HE-94 presented the highest values in AP (18.87 and 18.24 cm) and PFBA PFBR, strains HE-93 and HE-94 in NH (29.79 and 29. 29 units) and DT (2.1 and 2.08 mm); However, the HE-3 strain was the one that had the least effect on all the variables evaluated. The results suggest that strains HE-93 and HE-94 are the ones that had the greatest effect on all variables.
This research was conducted in the Plant Health Laboratory and Nursery of the National University of Cañete, the endophytic colonization of 10 strains of Trichoderma sp. during the establishment and growth of blueberry vitroplants (V. corymbosum L.) by two inoculation methods (Method 1: Immersion of roots with spore suspension and Method 2: Infestation of the substrate by spore suspension). The experiment was carried out under a complete randomized design (RCD) with an 11 x 2 factorial arrangement (AxB) with 4 repetitions per treatment, a total of 22 treatments. The factors under study were: Trichoderma strains (Factor A) and inoculation methods (Factor B). For endophytic colonization, explants (5 cm high) were used that were rooted in sterilized peat-based substrate, the strains were inoculated at the time of transplantation and maintained under controlled conditions in tunnels for 90 days. The reisolation of the strains was carried out from sections of plant tissue in corn meal agar culture medium and the percentage of colonization of the strains was evaluated. Another group of rooted vitroplants were transplanted and inoculated with the strains in nursery bags containing substrate based on rice hulls and peat, kept for 3 months in the nursery to evaluate plant height (AP), number of leaves (NH). , stem diameter (DT), number of shoots (NB), fresh weight (PFBA) and dry weight of the aerial biomass (PSBA), and fresh weight (PFBR) and dry weight of the root biomass (PSBR). The data were analyzed with the statistical software minitab version 2.0. The inoculation methods of Trichoderma strains had no effect on endophytic colonization in blueberry vitro seedlings. However, all Trichoderma strains colonized the tissues, with the HE-4 strain having the highest colonization (21.53%) while the HE-94 strain (5.54%) presented the least colonization in the vitroplants. At the nursery level, the vitroplants inoculated with method 2 have a greater effect than method 1 on AP, NH, DT and PFBA, unlike the other variables, the inoculation methods have no effect. Likewise, the application of Trichoderma strains does not influence the PSBR and NB than the other variables. Strains HE-4 and HE-94 presented the highest values in AP (18.87 and 18.24 cm) and PFBA PFBR, strains HE-93 and HE-94 in NH (29.79 and 29. 29 units) and DT (2.1 and 2.08 mm); However, the HE-3 strain was the one that had the least effect on all the variables evaluated. The results suggest that strains HE-93 and HE-94 are the ones that had the greatest effect on all variables.
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Hongo, ndófito, inoculación, colonización,
Citación
Espinoza Astorayme, José María, "Capacidad endofítica de cepas de Trichoderma sp. durante el establecimiento de vitroplantas de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) en Cañete ", Tesis para optar el grado de Ingeniero Agrónomo , Escuela de pregrado. Facultad de Agronomía. Universidad Nacional de Cañete. Cañete - Perú