Isolation, identification and in vitro evaluation of native isolates of bacillus, trichoderma and streptomyces with potential for the biocontrol of grapevine trunk fungi
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Date
2023-03-08
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Universidad Nacional de Cañete
Abstract
Antecedentes: El biocontrol de las enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid (EMV), es una alternativa amigable frente al control químico causante de resistencia y/o contaminación del ecosistema. Objetivo: aislar microorganismos nativos de raíz y rizósfera de vid con potencial de biocontrol de hongos de la madera de la vid. Metodología: Se estudió la “competencia por sustrato” (CS) con la escala de Bell, “el tiempo de contacto” (TC) entre antagonista- patógeno” (días) y la antibiosis por el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento (PIC). Resultados: Se aislaron e identificaron: siete-cepas de Trichoderma spp. (raíz: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; y rizósfera: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); seis-Bacillus spp. (raíz: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; y rizósfera: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); y dos-Streptomyces sp. (rizósfera: Act-1, Act-2).
Los resultados de la CS evaluados con la escala de Bell demostraron a Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) y T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) se ubicaron en la clase 1 frente a Lasiodiplodia theobromae y, todos los aislados se ubicaron en la clase 1 frente a Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare y Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. El TC de Trichoderma fue 2 días (L. theobromae) y 3 días (C. pseudofasciculare y P. parasiticum). En la antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) y Bac-3 (Bacillus) tuvieron el mayor PIC (>50%) frente a los patógenos. El aislado Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) presentó PIC, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) y >30% (P. parasiticum). Implicaciones: El uso del control biológico en el manejo de enfermedades de la madera de la vid es una herramienta eficaz, y puede integrarse en una estrategia de manejo integrado de estas patologías. Conclusiones: Los aislados nativos Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demostraron control in vitro frente a los patógenos L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare y P. parasiticum, patógenos asociados a enfermedades de la madera de la vid. Palabras clave: Antagonistas; biocontrol; hongos de madera de la vid; rizósfera; raíz; uva de mesa.
Background: Biocontrol of fungal diseases of grapevine wood (EMV) is a friendly alternative to chemical control that causes resistance and/or contamination of the ecosystem. Objective: to isolate native microorganisms from grapevine root and rhizosphere with biocontrol potential of grapevine wood fungi. Methodology: The "competition for substrate" (CS) was studied with the Bell scale, the "contact time" (TC) between antagonist-pathogen" (days) and the antibiosis by the percentage of growth inhibition (PIC). Results: The following were isolated and identified: seven strains of Trichoderma spp. (root: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; and rhizosphere: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); six-Bacillus spp. (root: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; and rhizosphere: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); and two-Streptomyces sp. (rhizosphere: Act-1, Act-2). The results of the CS evaluated with the Bell scale demonstrated that Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) and T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) were located in class 1 against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and, all the isolates were placed in class 1 against Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. Trichoderma TC was 2 days (L. theobromae) and 3 days (C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum). In the antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) and Bac-3 (Bacillus) they had the highest PIC (>50%) against the pathogens. The Act-2 isolate (Streptomyces sp.) presented ICP, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) and >30% (P. parasiticum). Implications: The use of biological control in the management of grapevine wood diseases is an effective tool, and can be integrated into an integrated management strategy for these pathologies. Conclusions: The native isolates Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demonstrated in vitro control against the pathogens L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum. , pathogens associated with grapevine wood diseases. Keywords: Antagonists; biocontrol; vine wood mushrooms; rhizosphere; root; table grapes.
Background: Biocontrol of fungal diseases of grapevine wood (EMV) is a friendly alternative to chemical control that causes resistance and/or contamination of the ecosystem. Objective: to isolate native microorganisms from grapevine root and rhizosphere with biocontrol potential of grapevine wood fungi. Methodology: The "competition for substrate" (CS) was studied with the Bell scale, the "contact time" (TC) between antagonist-pathogen" (days) and the antibiosis by the percentage of growth inhibition (PIC). Results: The following were isolated and identified: seven strains of Trichoderma spp. (root: Tr-1, Tr-2, Tr3, Tr-6; and rhizosphere: Tr-4, Tr-5, Tr-7); six-Bacillus spp. (root: Bac-4, Bac-5, Bac-6; and rhizosphere: Bac-1, Bac-2, Bac-3); and two-Streptomyces sp. (rhizosphere: Act-1, Act-2). The results of the CS evaluated with the Bell scale demonstrated that Tr-1, Tr-7, T.atv (Trichoderma atroviride) and T22 (Trichoderma harzianum) were located in class 1 against Lasiodiplodia theobromae and, all the isolates were placed in class 1 against Campylocarpon pseudofasciculare and Phaeoacremonium parasiticum. Trichoderma TC was 2 days (L. theobromae) and 3 days (C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum). In the antibiosis Tr-5 (Trichoderma) and Bac-3 (Bacillus) they had the highest PIC (>50%) against the pathogens. The Act-2 isolate (Streptomyces sp.) presented ICP, >70% (L. theobromae), >40% (C. pseudofasciculare) and >30% (P. parasiticum). Implications: The use of biological control in the management of grapevine wood diseases is an effective tool, and can be integrated into an integrated management strategy for these pathologies. Conclusions: The native isolates Bac-3 (Bacillus spp.), Tr-5 (Trichoderma spp.), Act-2 (Streptomyces sp.) demonstrated in vitro control against the pathogens L. theobromae, C. pseudofasciculare and P. parasiticum. , pathogens associated with grapevine wood diseases. Keywords: Antagonists; biocontrol; vine wood mushrooms; rhizosphere; root; table grapes.
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Isolation, identification and in vitro evaluation of native isolates of bacillus, trichoderma and streptomyces with potential for the biocontrol of grapevine trunk fungi, Articulo - Escuela Profesional de Agronomia